SharePoint is a web application platform developed by Microsoft. A platform that could be used as a single point for all information aggregation, search and collaboration within a organization. This multi-purpose platform allows managing and provisioning of intranet portals, extranets and websites, document management and file management, collaboration spaces, social networking tools, enterprise search, business intelligence tooling, process/information integration, and third-party developed solutions. 

SharePoint 2010 highlights:

Sites - SharePoint 2010 Sites provides a single infrastructure for all your business Web sites. Share documents with colleagues, manage projects with partners, and publish information to customers. 

Composites - SharePoint 2010 Composites offers tools and components for creating do-it-yourself business solutions. Build no-code solutions to rapidly respond to business needs.

Insights - SharePoint 2010 Insights gives everyone access to the information in databases, reports, and business applications. Help people locate the information they need to make good decisions

Communities - SharePoint 2010 Communities delivers great collaboration tools—and a single platform to manage them. Make it easy for people to share ideas and work together the way they want.

Content - SharePoint 2010 Content makes content management easy. Set up compliance measures ”behind the scenes”—with features like document types, retention polices, and automatic content sorting—and then let people work naturally in Microsoft Office

Search - SharePoint 2010 Search cuts through the clutter. A unique combination of relevance, refinement, and social cues helps people find the information and contacts they need to get their jobs done. 

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 (MOSS) is a part of the 2007 Microsoft Office system.

MOSS Features at Glance

At SharePoint's core are its Platform Services, which serves as a single platform to provide consistent security, site management and topology.

• Collaboration - Allow teams to work together effectively, collaborate on and publish documents, maintain task lists, implement workflows, and share information through the use of wikis and blogs. MOSS platform under collaboration provides - Documents/tasks/calendars, blogs, wikis, e-mail integration, project management "lite", Outlook intergration, offline docs/lists
• Portals  - Create a personal MySite portal to share information with others and personalize the user experience and content of an enterprise Web site based on the user’s profile. MOSS platform under Portals provides - Enterprise Portal, template Site Directory, My Sites, social networking, privacy control
• Enterprise Search - Quickly and easily find people, expertise, and content in business applications. MOSS platform under Portals provides - Enterprise scalability, contextual relevance, rich people and business data search
• Enterprise Content Management - Create and manage documents, records, and Web content. MOSS platform under ECM provides - Integrated document management, records management, and web content management with policies and workflow.
• Business Process and Forms - Create workflows and electronic forms to automate and streamline your business processes. MOSS platform under Business Process Management provides - Rich and Web forms based front-ends, LOB actions, pluggable SSO
• Business Intelligence - Allow information workers to easily access critical business information, analyze and view data, and publish reports to make more informed decisions. MOSS platform under Business Intelligence provides - Server based Excel spreadsheets and data visualization, Report Center, BI Web Parts, KPIs/Dashboards

MOSS Development Platform at Glance

In addition, MOSS serves as a development platform for enterprise applications. Development teams can leverage the following technologies within their own custom applications.

• SharePoint Object Model (SPOM) – using SharePoint lists, version control, search, and security to store and present application information.
• Web Parts - organizing applications and deploying "web based windows".
• InfoPath Forms and Windows Workflow Foundation - automating business processes to improve document management or to provide simple interfaces for collecting date for ERP systems and other line of business applications.